[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Jyoti,
I don’t think that there is any limit on Maximum Q-factor.
For ideal case it should be infinity.
Practically, it should be as high as possible.

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Hamza Ali Abbas Khan,
I agree to your points that there are three basic types of PON as APON, BPON and GPON.
The use of ATM-based PON (APON and BPON), the achieved upstream and downstream aggregate bandwidths were in the order of
155 Mbit/s up to 622 Mbit/s. Later, the use of time division multiplexing (TDM) permitted
achieving capacities around 1.2 Gbit/s and 2.5 Gbit/s (downstream & upstream) according with
the ITU-T G.984 G-PON standard. Advanced high-speed TDM based optical access systems
up to 10Gbit/s for downstream and 2.5 upstream (XG-PON1) or 10Gbit/s/ for both downstream
and upstream (XG-PON2), according with the ITU-T G.987 G-PON standard, have been
developed and some field trials have been reported. Currently, standardized specifications by
ITU exist for ATM-based PON (APON and BPON), gigabit-capable PON (GPON) and XG-PON
and Ethernet PON (EPON) and 10G-EPON by IEEE.

For several years FSAN and IEEE have been working on the new international standard ITU-T
G.989: 40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (NG-PON2) which general requirements
have been defined on ITU-T G989.1 standard by March of 2013. However the PMD (ITU-T
G989.2) and TC layer requirements (ITU-T G989.3) are still being discussed and are expected
to be published soon.

Further research are going towards Next Generation PON: NGPON1 and NGPON2.
Hybrid TDM and WDM PON are latest type of PON recommended by ITU-T.
Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Ranjeet,
Meanwhile, companies such as Wave-Splitter Technologies are pursuing the development of 25-GHz channel demultiplexing using arrayed-waveguide-grating routing technology and interleavers. Interleaving is frequently used in 50-GHz channel spacing. Basically, one set of 100-GHz-spaced channels or wavelengths is going in one direction and another set of wavelengths is going in the opposite direction.
The fiber Bragg grating technology that supports 25-GHz and 12.5-GHz channel spacing will allow carriers to increase the number of channels in the C-band without requiring other major component upgrades in the network, such as additional amplifiers, according to Ciena. The same technology could also be used in the L-band and S-band.

i would suggest you to please refer to following links:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=6013167&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst
http://www.ijarcsse.com/docs/papers/Volume_4/6_June2014/V4I6-0319.pdf
http://www.fiberoptic.com/adt_dwdm.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21716338
https://www1.doshisha.ac.jp/~toda/Publications/2-37.pdf
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=1158853
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/optical/15000r7_0/dwdm/planning/guide/70epg/d7ovw.html

thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Faiz,
I am unable to upload the osd file due to internet connectivity.
Here i am sharing some links which help you understand MM wave generation for Radio over fiber.
https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/24640/iia_zhensheng_200808_phd.pdf
http://www.nature.com/articles/srep19891
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4810219&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi,
The power of laser can be calculated by:
E = n*e
where E is energy, n is the number of photons and e is the energy of a photon

E = nhf where h is Planck’s constant and f is frequency

Since P = E/t, P = nhf/t where t is time

For a time of 1s t =1 and disappears from the equation:

P = nhf = nhc/l where c is speed of light and l is wavelength.

Please also refer to following link
http://www.optique-ingenieur.org/en/courses/OPI_ang_M01_C01/co/Contenu_31.html

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi,
I am trying to compare between NRZ and RZ modulation formats.
Practically, it has been demonstrated numerically and experimentally that the conventional
nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) modulation format is superior compared to the return-to-zero (RZ) modulation
when dealing with large WDM systems, as RZ modulation causes a significant Eye Closure Penalty near end channels.
The results obtained in this tutorial will be used to compare the Eye Closure Penalties for both NRZ and RZ cases,
as well as the effects of nonlinearities.
The advantage of RZ format in terms of transmission
distances was recently demonstrated in a long-distance wavelength
division multiplexing (WDM) transmission experiment though most WDM transmission experiments conducted
so far have used NRZ formats [6]. WDM signals, which were
initially NRZ but modified before transmission, were successfully
transmitted over transoceanic distances in a recirculating
loop. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) transmission experiments
, of course, use RZ signal formats, which allow
optical MUX-DEMUX to be easily carried out. The relative
advantages of NRZ or RZ formats are, however, still unclear
even in single-channel long-distance transmission.

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi umer ashraf wani,
I would suggest you to refer to following links:

Matlab Cosimulation

Optisystem and Matlab Integration

Matlab code in matlab Component

Use of the Matlab Component [Optical System]

https://optiwave.com/category/optisystem-manuals/optisystem-tutorials/b9-optical-system-cosimulation/

Matlab Binary Switch

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Jiseph,
I don’t think that we could export data from optisystem to MATLAB.
Although i could design the networks using MAtlab code.

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi,
I suggest you to visit these links:

Single Mode Fiber

Fiber Propagation Modes

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Md. Asraful Sekh,
i agree to the points of Damian Marek sir that simulation of Multiple OWC channels can be done by splitting a modulated signal into several branches (power splitter) and attaching each branch to an OWC.
I want to share some links:
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijo/2015/945483/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273917945_Hybrid_WDMmultibeam_free-space_optics_for_multigigabit_access_network
http://www2.engr.arizona.edu/~vasiclab/files/papers/ANV_06_WDD.pdf

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Ahmad Mustafa,
It is very practical and basic question asked.
Thanks to Damian Marek sir, and other members who explain the problem very briefly.

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Syed,
I would suggest you ti please refer to following links:

Use of the Matlab Component [Optical System]

Matlab /Optisystem

Matlab Cosimulation

Integration Matlab coding with Optisystem

Thanks,

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

thank you Damian Marek sir for your response and guidance on OCDMA.
I also find difficulty in OCDMA modulations.
Rally you clear all doubts related to it.
Thanks alot

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Mahmoud Ghorbel,
You can use wdm system of 8 channel with global rate of 20 gbps using different advanced modulation formats like CSRZ, DRZ, MDRZ or DPSK.
You should use dispersion compensation techniques like pre, post and symmetrical.
You could change fiber length by using no. of loops.

here i am uploading a osd file of csrz wdm system

[Rajguru M. MohanParticipant]

Hi Leela,
Although we have polarizer or polariser is an optical filter that passes light of a specific polarization and blocks waves of other polarizations.
I don’t think in optisystem we have any polarisation analyzer.

Thanks,