Also i want to add that To mitigate the deleterious effects of scattering and turbulence, multiple transmitters and receivers can be used. Hence, it would be possible to benefit from spatial diversity and receive multiple independent copies of the same signal. The effectiveness of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems in combating the lognormal amplitude fading has been demonstrated. However, little effort has been
made to analyze the possible excess gain obtained using a MIMO system to ameliorate the impact of phase-front distortion . We may consider both amplitude and phase distortions and show how performance is degraded compared to an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Then, using average Bit Error Rate (BER) as a performance metric, possible improvements achieved using a MIMO communications scheme is investigated.
Hope this will help. I will attach a link of one paper. This may help
https://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?uri=LSC-2011-LTuC3
Regards